Manufacture of artificial filaments



Patented Dec. 11, 1934 11? I v V I "1,984,325 Md or; sermons-manages "Jan Jo eph Stdeckly and August Briitz,

menowseenof; Germany, assiglior's to North Y i .1 American Rayon-1 Corporation,New York, N."Y., I

' 'a'cdi'poratiou otDelaware our;present ifivention. to do with a new process for producing-gnrrtwistedaflaments.

More particularly, our process concerns the production of untwisted viscose filaments.

One object of the present invention is to set forth a novel method of wet-treating filaments.

Another object is to set forth a new method of skein treatment.

Other objects will become apparent from a study of the following specification.

Under former processes, in order to produce untwisted viscose yarn it was usual to spin it onto spools, and while the yarn was thereon, to clean, wash, and dry it. It was then wound off, and, during this winding step, the single thread was impregnated with sizing material.

According to our new method, the filaments are cross-wound upon a reel, directly as they are produced from the spinning bath. As suitable baths may be mentioned those containing, beside sodium sulphate and sulphuric acid, also magnesium sulphate and/or zinc sulphate. Particular reference is made to those baths of this type which have concentrations of materials calculated to prevent shrinking during the drying of the yarn. The reeled filaments produce usual sized skeins which are laced. From four to six lacings are usually used for a skein 100 to 120 cm. in size. These skeins are then wrapped in permeable textile fabrics. This may be accomplished, for example, by removing the laced skein from the reel, folding it fiat, and wrapping the oblong package thus formed.

Another method for applying the wrappings is to place upon the reel, prior to the skeining of filaments thereupon, wrapping strips. These may be in the form of cuttings from circular knit fabrics which are seamed on the sides. These strips may be fastened onto the reel by means of strings which may afterward be easily removed. The rayon skeins may then be wound upon these strips, which are of a width suitable for subsequent wrapping. If desired, the lacing strings may be placed at suitable distances on the surface of thewrapping cloth, and provisionally fastened, in order that they might be properly placed after the skeins have been formed. After forming the skeins, they are laced, and then wrapped by folding over the positioned strips. If necessary the overlapping borders of the strips may be fastened together, as by a string. In this manner the wrapped skeins assume the form of a ring.

The oblong skein packages mentioned above, or the ring-like wrapped skeins folded fiat, may

1 Afihfiifimi September 1 1 i931, .j562,'4 12. In Germany November 6,-

now be subjected, in their wrappings t th -air,- ferent wet treatments such as washing-pestilphurizing, bleaching, deacidifying and soaping. For this purpose the packages may be placed upon fixed or movable perforated supports and subjected to the known wet treatment methods of sprinkling or dipping. Thus, for example, the packages may be tightly arranged in one or several rows and placed on perforated or sieve-like transporting bands which carry them through or under the different wet-treating baths. As another example, the packages may also be packed in one or several rows in a transporting crate perforated at the bottom, and these crates may then be exposed, in a known manner, to the different wet-treatment baths. In order that none of the bath liquid may be wasted, the crates may be arranged one on top of another so that the same solution will penetrate from the top to the bottom through a plurality of the crates. Similarly, vacuum washing may be employed.

In order that there may be no shifting of the threads in the cakes, the difierent layers of packages may be separated by perforated plates. Care must be exercised to select suitable materials for the perforated plates as well as the packing and transporting material so that they are resistant to the liquids used. As examples of suitable material may be cited: aluminum, aluminum covered with bakelitc, bakelite, and hard rubber.

In the special case of the ring-like wrapped skeins, the yarn bodies may be wet-treated like ordinary rayon skeins in the known washing machines. I

No matter how the wet-treatment of the wrapped skeins is accomplished, they then are oiled or sized while still in their wrappings. Under certain conditions it may be advisable to free the skeins from water prior to the oiling or sizing. This may be accomplished, for example, by allowing the water to drip out or by centrifuging the wrapped skeins to a certain degree.

For the sizing of the skein packages which still contain water, oiling or sizing preparations may be used which are soluble, or at least emulsifiable, in water. As examples, we may cite Turkey red oil, olein, prestabit oil, parafiin emulsions, wax emulsions, soap solutions, etc. but in any event, such oils soluble in water or sizing solutions emulsifiable in water which do not form any real films. The sized skein packages are freed from the excess of impregnating materials by centrifuging and are then dried while still wrapped.

As an alternative to the process set forth above,

the cleaned, treated, and well-washed wrapped spinning skeins are first dried, and then oiled and sized. Thus water-containing oils or sizing preparation as well as oils and sizing preparations free from water may be used. The skeins thus treated may be dried a second time, if necessary.

The skeins of untwisted yarn produced according to the process outlined above are still in such excellent condition that they may be wound on any take-up spool after the removal of the wrapping. This is due to the fact that the skeins are so wrapped.

Then, too, the skeins may be shipped, either with or without the wrappers, when suitably packed, to the consumer.

Although as an example, the application of our new process has been set forth in relation to the viscose industry only, it must be remembered that other wet-spinning methods may be used, and we wish to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

We claim:

1. In the manufacture of artificial filaments in skein form, the steps of extruding filaments, winding the same upon a permeable fabric detachably secured on a winding reel, the said filaments being wound thereon with a crossing angle such that the wound filaments may be laced, lacing the skeins thus formed, wrapping each skein in the said permeable fabric, washing and after-treating the skeins thus wrapped, oiling and sizing the said skeins and drying the skeins before they are removed from the said wrapping.

2. In the production of untwisted skeins, the steps of winding yarn upon reels, lacing and wrapping the yarn in a permeable fabric, washing, otherwise after-treating, oiling and sizing the skeins and then drying them, the steps of washing, after-treating, oiling, sizing and drying being carried out while the yarn is still embraced by the said fabric wrapping.

JOHANN JOSEPH STOECKLY. AUGUST BRiTZ. 

